Microsoft Windows: You must have Windows XP with Service Pack 2, Windows Vista, Windows 7, or later. Earlier versions of Windows (95, 98, SE, ME, NT, 2000) had some support for the tone marks we need, but it was so painfully broken and app-specific that it's not worth using.

• Thai For Beginners Becker Pdf To Excellence

You can tell which version of Windows you have by opening 'Start.Settings.Control Panel.System.' Macintosh: If you have a Mac, just make sure you're using OS X. Linux: we'd appreciate any from Linux users out there. Fonts are tricky because of the following two harsh realities:. Not every font on your system has all the letters you need to type pronunciation guides. In fact, on a typical Windows, Mac, or Linux system, only a handful of fonts have the complete inventory of letters needed for, and the significantly more complex. In this section, we'll let you know which fonts have the letters you need so you can type them on your computer.

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Not everyone has the same set of fonts installed on their computer as you have on yours. So, if you produce a document that looks beautiful on your computer and send it to someone else's computer, it might be unreadable on their computer because they are missing a font that you used. You can minimize or eliminate this problem by following our advice on below. As you read and try out the advice we'll give below, you may find yourself saying 'No way! I've tried tons of fonts on my system and they all have the pronunciation guide letters.' But you are falling prey to a 'feature' that is now commonly found in operating systems and browsers: font substitution.

When a program like Notepad, Microsoft Word, or your web browser encounters some text that cannot be displayed in the current font, it will secretly look around your system for a font that does have the necessary letters, and switch to that font instead, without telling you. Font substitution can be a good thing if the system does it right. For example, if your text contains only plain English and native Thai script, and you choose a font like Times New Roman that does not contain Thai letters, your application will secretly switch to another font for the Thai letters only, and the result will usually look ok: Unfortunately, for Thai pronunciation guides, the system usually flubs up the task so badly that the result is unreadable. For example, here's some sample text using the 'Arial Unicode MS' font: But here's what I get if I switch the font to Times New Roman, or if I paste that same text into Gmail and send it as an email (where Gmail will try to display it with Times New Roman): As you can see, the system is trying to 'help' us by switching from one font to another on a per-letter basis. But the accents don't line up correctly, and the result is horrible! The severity of this problem varies with different browsers, OSes, and websites, but in most cases, the output is unusable. So the lesson we learn from this is that the fonts we choose must contain all the letters needed for our pronunciation guide system.

Ideally, they should also contain the native Thai Script letters, since then the letters would have been designed to blend with the English letters in a pleasing way. For those who are curious, you can find out which letters a font really contains using the 'charmap' program that ships with Windows ('Start.Run.charmap'). Of the hundreds of fonts that you will commonly find on Windows computers, only a few fonts contain all the letters we need for pronunciation guides. Font Family Type Font File Name Thai Not the same as Arial! Regular ARIALUNI.TTF Yes Yes Yes Regular l10646.ttf No Yes Yes Not the same as MS Sans Serif!

Regular micross.ttf Yes Yes No Regular SEGOEUI.TTF No Yes Yes Bold SEGOEUIB.TTF No Yes Yes Italic SEGOEUII.TTF No Yes Yes Bold Italic SEGOEUIZ.TTF No Yes Yes In this chart, the Thai column says Yes if the font contains the letters needed for native Thai script, and the subsequent columns say Yes if the font contains enough letters for the specified pronunciation guide systems. As you can see, the only font that covers it all is, which is a different font than just 'Arial.' It is very likely that you have Arial Unicode MS installed on your system, or can get it pretty easily:. Arial Unicode MS comes bundled for free with, including Office 2007. That is why most people have it.

If you have Office but not Arial Unicode MS, you might need to follow the instructions. Microsoft used to distribute Arial Unicode MS for free in other packages, as explained, but they have since yanked those packages over licensing issues. Some people just copy the font file, ARIALUNI.TTF, from the Fonts control panel (or C: WINDOWS FONTS) on their friend's computer, or download it from the internet, and drag it into their Fonts control panel (or save it in C: WINDOWS FONTS), though that would be illegal.

Instead, of course, the vast majority of people decide to pay $99 to the current licensor, to get a font whose name is encoded as 'Arial Unicode' and is thus totally incompatible with everyone else's computers, which have a font encoded as 'Arial Unicode MS.' A close second is, which covers everything but Thai, and has been distributed for free with every version of Windows since Windows 98. Depending on your application, Lucida Sans Unicode may be a good choice because it looks like the font found on all modern MacOS X computers. Coming in third is, which covers everything but, and has been distributed for free with every version of Windows since Windows 2000.

The font covers everything except, and has Bold/Italic variants, but Segoe UI is not as common since Microsoft only started distributing it with Windows Vista and Office 2007. If you have Windows XP, you can get Segoe UI for free by installing any one of these free Microsoft packages:.

(the least intrusive option). A set of other Windows fonts—Tahoma, Cambria, Candara, Constantia, and Corbel—have all the letters we need for, and, but sadly they contain a fatal flaw that makes them basically unusable: when you place a rising tone mark ̌ over an i as in ǐ, the dot over the i fails to disappear and the tone mark itself is so off-center that it looks like it's over another letter.

Close, but no good. You might wonder whether there are any additional Windows fonts that have the four tone marks (i.e. àaâaáaǎa) required by, and, but don't have the additional ɛəɔʉ 'funny letters' used by and. The answer is no. Thanks to the fatal flaw in Tahoma et al.

Described above, the only fonts that you can use for, and, are the ones that also work for and as well. To be written.

We'd appreciate any from Mac users out there. We'd appreciate any from Linux users out there. Back in 2012, helpful reader Brad Carroll offered this basic guide for how to install font on Linux in general, and this guide should work for the font files mentioned on this page. How do I Install Fonts on Linux? Method 1 - Using a file manager. Download the ttf files using your web browser. Open your file manager and navigate to the folder where you downloaded to, usually /Downloads/.

Select the ttf files and then right-click and select 'cut' (or Ctrl + X). Navigate to /usr/share/fonts/truetype/. RIght-click in some empty space and select 'paste' (or Ctrl + V). Fonts are now installed and you can close the file manager window Sometimes you won't be able to do this because you don't have permission to write to the /usr/share/fonts/truetype folder, but fear not because you can always try.

Method 2 - Using the terminal. Open a terminal window.

On the command line type: cd /Downloads/ (if this is where you downloaded to). Type: ls /usr/share/fonts/truetype. If anything was listed then this means the destination directory exists, which means you can go to step 5 otherwise stop and get help. Type: sudo mv.ttf /usr/share/fonts/truetype/.

Enter your password when prompted. Close terminal when ready, fonts installed successfully. If you had any software such as LibreOffice open during the installation, you may need to quit the application and then start it again before you will be able to see the new fonts in the font list. If you do not have a /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ directory then it means you are using a version of Linux that stores fonts in a different location to that which we expect. Contact your Linux provider for help with this situation.

The mv command is a risky one and can overwrite existing files without warning. You should check very carefully that you type everything correctly before you press the Enter key.

Since is an international standard alphabet used by Linguists around the world, there are fonts specifically designed for it. The free and are the most popular fonts, but there are as well. Many linguists report problems when typing IPA with the standard Microsoft fonts, and prefer to use one of these specialist fonts instead. Since you only want to use the IPA for Thai, you'll be using a tiny subset of the IPA and you may or may not hit problems with the standard Microsoft fonts. Adobe sells a family of OpenType fonts beginning with 'Kozuka Gothic Pro' or 'Kozuka Mincho Pro.'

These fonts have enough letters to be used for, and. So now you have a suitable operating system and you've picked out a font on your computer that you know contains the proper characters for Thai pronunciation guides. Which application should you use to create your document? Unfortunately, you immediately run into a problem if your goal is to start your web browser (e.g.

Firefox, Chrome, Opera, or Internet Explorer) and type Thai pronunciation guides directly into websites that you visit, such as:. web-based email sites (e.g. Google Mail, Yahoo Mail, Hotmail). internet forums. comments in blogs. social networking sites (e.g. Facebook, MySpace, Twitter) The problem is that when you visit such websites, it is the website which controls the font, not you.

Most websites do not offer you any choice of font. Some websites do offer you a choice of fonts (e.g. When you're typing a Google/Yahoo/Hotmail e-mail with 'rich formatting' turned on), but in the vast majority of cases, none of the fonts they list will have the complete inventory of letters that you need to type Thai pronunciation guides. For example, when typing a Google Mail email, you'll probably be able to choose the font called 'Arial' (which lacks the letters you need) but not 'Arial Unicode MS' (which has the letters you need).

The reason why you have such a limited choice is that webpage designers want to make sure that their pages will be viewable across multiple platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, etc.), and so when they offer you a choice of fonts, they limit themselves to the so-called 'web-safe fonts' that are supposed to work cross-platform. Unfortunately, the list of 'web-safe fonts' is highly outdated and does not address the needs of modern international text processing. Most speakers of non-Western languages on such websites are able to send and receive text in their native language only by a lucky accident of, but as we mentioned above, font substitution rarely, if ever, does the right thing for Thai pronunciation guides. So what can you do? In some cases, you may find that choosing 'Arial' makes it look ok (because some computers will substitute 'Arial Unicode MS' for 'Arial' when they see the Thai pronunciation guide letters), but this strategy won't work for every user who reads your email or post. Otherwise, in the case of web-based email, you will probably be forced to take your Thai pronunciation guide text out of the email and include it as an attachment instead.

In this case, read the next few sections of this webpage for some advice on which application to use to write the attachment, and which file format to pick. If you are posting to a forum or blog that relates to the Thai language, then there may be hope. You can probably convince the forum administrators to either change the forum font, or to enable a feature that allows you to change the font in your post, to one of the fonts mentioned that includes the letters you need. Driver for philips webcam spc220nc. You can refer the administrator to the following paragraph for more information: If you are a website designer or a forum administrator yourself, there is a way to make your site work cross-platform and also work with Thai pronunciation guides. Remember that CSS allows you to specify multiple fonts for a given CSS style, and each user's browser will pick the first font it recognizes. In the CSS style that is used for display of Thai pronunciation guide text on your site, you should include all of the relevant font names in your stylesheet, one or more font name for each platform, and then your site will display pronunciation guides correctly on all platforms.

It's sad that we have to deal with this, and it goes against the CSS philosophy to give font names explicitly, but we are left with no other choice. If your goal is to write Thai pronunciation guide text in a file that you want to send to other people, and you just need them to be able to read your document (not modify it), then one of the best formats to use is PDF. This is because a PDF file has all the fonts and other required formatting information bundled up inside it. So other people will see your document correctly even if they don't have the same fonts installed on their machine. Anyone can open and view a PDF file on their machine if they have the, which comes pre-installed on the vast majority of machines these days. For those who dislike the bloat of Adobe Reader, there's also the.

Your computer may have come with a different PDF reader pre-installed as well. You can create PDF files from any application at all using the or the. Both packages add an imaginary printer to your computer so that when you select 'File.Print' from any application, the output actually gets saved as a PDF file on your computer instead of being printed to paper. You can also save PDF directly from certain Adobe applications, such as Adobe Illustrator. You can also get a free plugin to save PDF files from Word 2007 from. If you want to type Thai pronunciation guide text in a file for use on your own computer, or you want to send the file to others so that they can also modify your document, then one option you have is to use the simplest file format of all, raw text (.txt). You can create text files with Notepad (Windows), Wordpad (Windows), TextEdit (Macintosh), or a host of other text editor applications.

Your first step should be to change the font to one of the suitable fonts, then start typing. Since you will be typing Thai pronunciation guides, it's important to save your text file as Unicode (which your editor may also refer to as UTF-8 or UTF-16).

Most modern text editors will choose Unicode automatically when they see what you have typed. The catch with a text file is that it doesn't contain any formatting information at all.

You can't change between normal/bold/italic or use different font sizes. A text file doesn't even store the name of the font you used when you typed it.

So, if you share your text file with others, you will need to tell them which font to use to display the file, and they'll have to have that font installed on their system. You can refer them to this webpage for assistance. Another option similar to.txt files is HTML. HTML is the same format that web designers use to write web pages.

There are a variety of tools (FrontPage, DreamWeaver, etc.) to create HTML pages. Microsoft Word can create HTML files, but it creates them in a horrific, Microsoft-specific way which is not recommended or compatible, so we don't recommend using Word. The benefits of HTML are that you can include formatting like colors, fonts, font sizes, bold, and italic, you can align things in nice tables, and you can include links to give your document structure. With HTML, the names of the fonts you use actually appear in the document (unlike text files). However, like text files, an HTML file does not include a full copy of the fonts it uses (it only includes the name of the font), so your recipients will still need to have suitable fonts installed on their machine already.

Thai For Beginners Becker Pdf To Excellence

You can certainly use Microsoft Word to create files with Thai pronunciation guides for use on your own computer. Versions of Word later than (not including) Word 2000 seem to properly support input and display of the letters needed for pronunciation guides. This applies to Windows; I have not tried the Mac versions.

Note: if you are 'blessed' with Word 2007, 2010 or later, and you want to use our keyboard map to type Thai pronunciation guides, be sure to read our below about configuring Word to work with the maps. If your goal is to share your file with others, and you don't need or want the others to modify your file, then it's best to convert your file into and send the PDF instead. This avoids a huge range of compatibility headaches. If you must send, be sure to configure Microsoft Word to embed your fonts into the document ('Tools.Options.Save tab.Embed TrueType fonts').

That way, there's a chance that the recipient will not need to have all the same fonts installed on their machine (although this kind of embedding frequently fails due to irritating licensing issues with certain fonts: the recipient may be able to view, but not modify, your document, in which case you might as well use PDF). Also, if you are using Word 2007, 2010 or later, be sure to 'Save As.' Your file in an older version of Word (97-2003), or be sure the recipient has an equally recent or more recent version of Word than you do. Microsoft continually and gratuitously changes their file format with each version, to force your recipient to pay money to Microsoft to upgrade their copy of Word. Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint are logical programs for making study sheets and flashcards, and versions later than (not including) 2000 seem have the necessary support for input and display of the letters needed for pronunciation guides.

But in all versions I have tried, especially in Excel, that support is quirky. In most cases, I have to copy and paste pronunciation guide text from other applications, rather than trying to type the text directly into Excel or PowerPoint (I can type some letters but not others).

Once typed, I always experience problems with the accents mysteriously disappearing and reappearing. I found that I am always able to find a way to fidget around with the text (like hitting F2 in Excel to edit and immediately hitting Enter to make no changes, or gratuitously resizing the row) to make the text display correctly. Again, this applies to Windows; I have not tried the Mac version of Excel or PowerPoint. As with Microsoft Word files, if your goal is to share your Excel or PowerPoint files with others, and you don't need or want the others to modify your file, consider converting them into and sending the PDF instead, to avoid a wide range of font compatibility problems.

Your mileage may vary, to put it lightly. Adobe apps like Photoshop and Illustrator have some of the worst, quirkiest, most aggravatingly buggy support for non-Western languages (including Thai) in the world. I wish I could give you a simple good/bad version number cutoff, but in reality, each combination of operating system, app, and version is a crap-shoot as to whether or not it will let you type the letters used in Thai pronunciation guides. In older versions of Illustrator (circa version 10), I found I had to type Thai text and Thai pronunciation guides into Notepad, then paste them into Photoshop, then paste them from there into Illustrator! Photoshop CS3 on Windows XP is the first Photoshop I have ever encountered that lets me type the tone marks and Paiboon+ letters ɛəɔʉ directly (using the keyboard map we provide ) rather than pasting them from another application, but for some reason I find I need to press each tone mark key twice to make it come out.

In general, more recent versions should work better, but that is not always so. Ok, now you've got good software and a good font: it's time to type! The next barrier you hit is: 'how do I type those accents and funny letters?' To solve this problem, we're going to piggyback on the same support that your operating system already has for typing other languages. On Windows, Mac, and Linux, the operating system gives you a way to click on a little box (called a keyboard switcher) that appears in a corner of the screen to switch the keyboard from its normal English mode (typically displayed as EN) to other languages.

Here's a screen shot of the Windows keyboard switcher: For example, you can (and perhaps already did) enable the Thai keyboard (TH) to type Thai script: On this website, we will show you how to turn on your keyboard switcher, and we provide a small file called a keyboard map, which will add a third option (neither EN nor TH) to the keyboard switcher that lets you type Thai pronunciation guides: In the example screen shot above, the third 'language' is called PL, which is officially 'Polish' but which we're co-opting to mean 'Paiboon Plus,' as explained. The actual abbreviation that appears on your keyboard switcher will vary depending on the pronunciation guide system you want to use and your operating system.

If your goal is to type, or, follow the instructions below for your operating system (although the file you will install below is called Paiboon+, it actually has the letters you need for all of these pronunciation guide systems). Download the following file to your desktop (click on the link, and if your browser prompts you to 'Save' or 'Run,' then click 'Save'):. Scan the file for viruses, as you should do with every file you download from the internet.

Double-click on the file to install the keyboard map on your system. After a few seconds, you should see a window saying 'Paiboon+ System for Thai Transcription has been successfully installed.' Now that you have installed and activated your keyboard map, you should see the little keyboard switcher in the lower-right corner of the screen: The Windows keyboard switcher is a pesky creature and sometimes runs away and hides in the upper-left corner of your screen, or even the upper-left corner of the title bar of one of your open windows, in this alternate visual form: If that happens, click the Minimize button shown in the screen shot, and the keyboard switcher will go back where it belongs, in the lower-right corner of the screen.

To actually type Thai pronunciation guides:. Run your desired application (Word, Notepad, etc.).

Click on the keyboard switcher and select the Paiboon+ (PL) keyboard. Strangely enough, the Paiboon+ (PL) keyboard will show up as Polish (more on this oddity ): To avoid cumbersome clicking of the mouse every time you want to switch between English (EN), Thai script (TH), and Thai pronunciation guide (PL), you can also use the magical Alt-Shift key combination to cycle through the keyboards. Specifically, you press the left Alt key first, then press the left Shift key too, then release both Alt and Shift. Now your keyboard will behave as follows: Without the Shift key held: With the Shift key held: The accent marks are arranged along the number keys according to the:. The 1 key is the mid tone (no mark at all.

Key does nothing. You don't have to type it). The 2 key is ̀ the low tone. The 3 key is ̂ the falling tone.

The 4 key is ́ the high tone. The 5 key is ̌ the rising tone To type an accented letter, type the vowel letter first, then type the accent. For example, to get ( ě), type 'e' first and then type '5.' You can type the four 'funny letters' ɛəɔʉ used by and by using the shift key to type:. capital E for ɛ. capital A for ə.

capital O for ɔ (because that letter is called 'open o'). capital U for ʉ (because that letter is called 'u-bar') If you are 'lucky' enough to have been stuck with Microsoft Word 2007 or 2010, you may have noticed that you cannot type certain vowel + tone mark combinations (ə̀ ə́ ɛ̀ ɛ́ ɔ̀ ɔ́ ʉ̀ ʉ́). This is due to yet another mis-feature that the Geniuses at Microsoft put in to 'help' us. Use your to donate in support of the site. Learn Thai with my app: iOS, Android, Windows. Experience Thailand richly with my app. Visit China easily with my app.

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